这种以植物为基础的喷气燃料可以将排放量减少 68% – 而且不会取代作物

作者：Good News Network

出处：Good News Network

译者：Tom Wang

乔治亚大学科学家的一项新研究表明，用一种源自芥菜植物的可持续替代品代替石油基航空燃料时可以减少高达 68% 的碳排放。

Puneet Dwivedi 领导的一个团队研究了一种可持续航空燃料的盈亏平衡价格和生命周期碳排放量，该燃料来自一种非食用油籽作物芸薹。

“如果我们能够在整个供应链中提供适当的经济激励措施，我们就有可能生产基于芸薹的 SAF（可持续航空燃料），”沃内尔林业与自然资源学院副教授 Dwivedi 说。

据估计，航空业排放的二氧化碳占美国二氧化碳排放总量的 2.5%，同时占全球变暖的 3.5% 。 Dwivedi 说，基于芸薹的燃料可以帮助减少航空业的碳足迹，同时在美国南部创造经济机会，该工厂将在那里生长良好。

Dwivedi 的发现恰逢其时。 9 月，一项可持续的燃料税收抵免已被提出，这将使联邦机构联合起来在全国范围内扩大 SAF 的生产。

拟议的税收抵免要求生命周期碳排放量减少 50%——根据该团队发表在 GCB 生物能源杂志上的研究结果，芸薹达到了了这一标准。

根据现有的经济和市场激励措施，用来自芸薹的石油生产SAF 的价格从低廉的每升0.12 美元到每升1.28 美元不等。以石油为基础的航空燃料的价格为每升 0.50 美元——当分析中包含当前的经济激励措施时，高于以芸薹为基础的 SAF。

Dwivedi 是芸薹高级可再生能源东南合作伙伴关系 (SPARC) 的一部分，该项目由美国农业部国家粮食和农业研究所资助，耗资 1500 万美元。通过 SPARC，研究人员在过去四年中一直在研究如何在东南部种植芸薹，探索与最佳遗传学和实现最高作物和石油产量的最佳实践相关的问题。有了这些答案，Dwivedi 充满信心。

“在南方，我们可以种植芸薹作为冬季作物，”他在UG新闻报道中说。 “由于芸薹是在‘淡季’种植的，它不会与其他粮食作物竞争，也不会引发粮食与燃料问题。此外，种植芸薹提供了与水质、土壤健康、生物多样性和授粉有关的所有覆盖作物的好处。”

根据 Dwivedi 的说法，美中不足的地方是当地缺乏用于压碎种子并将油加工成 SAF 的基础设施。他目前的研究重点是从供应链的角度对佐治亚州、阿拉巴马州和佛罗里达州生产和消费基于芸薹的 SAF 的经济和环境可行性进行建模。

“我们的研究结果与乔治亚州尤其相关，乔治亚州是该国第六大常规航空燃料消费国，拥有世界上最繁忙的机场，并且是全球领先的航空公司达美航空的所在地，”他说。添加。 “芸薹有可能为我们的农村地区、航空业以及最重要的气候变化带来双赢局面。”

原链接：https://www.goodnewsnetwork.org/plant-based-jet-fuel-could-reduce-emissions-by-68/

原文：

Replacing petroleum-based aviation fuel with a sustainable alternative derived from a type of mustard plant can reduce carbon emissions by up to 68%, according to new research from a University of Georgia scientist.

Puneet Dwivedi led a team that studied the break-even price and lifetime carbon emissions of a sustainable aviation fuel derived from Brassica carinata, a non-edible oilseed crop.

“If we can provide suitable economic incentives along the supply chain, we could potentially produce carinata-based SAF (sustainable aviation fuel),” said Dwivedi, associate professor in the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources.

It is estimated that the aviation industry emits 2.5% of all carbon dioxide emissions nationwide and is responsible for 3.5% of global warming. Carinata-based fuel could help reduce the carbon footprint of the aviation sector while creating economic opportunities across the southern U.S., where the plant would grow well, says Dwivedi.

Dwivedi’s findings come at an opportune time. In September, President Joe Biden proposed a sustainable fuel tax credit which would bring federal agencies together to scale up the production of SAF nationwide.

The proposed tax credit requires a 50% reduction in life cycle carbon emissions—a standard that carinata exceeds, according to the team’s findings, published in GCB Bioenergy.

The price for producing SAF from oil derived from carinata ranged from $0.12 per liter on the low end to $1.28 per liter, based on existing economic and market incentives. The price for petroleum-based aviation fuel was $0.50 per liter—higher than carinata-based SAF when current economic incentives were included in the analysis.

Dwivedi is part of the Southeast Partnership for Advanced Renewables from Carinata, or SPARC, a $15 million project funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Through SPARC, researchers have spent the past four years investigating how to grow carinata in the Southeast, exploring questions related to optimum genetics and best practices for the highest crop and oil yield. With those answers in place, Dwivedi is confident.

“In the South, we can grow carinata as a winter crop,” he said in a UG news report. “Since carinata is grown in the ‘off’ season it does not compete with other food crops, and it does not trigger food versus fuel issues. Additionally, growing carinata provides all the cover-crop benefits related to water quality, soil health, biodiversity, and pollination.”

The missing piece of the puzzle, according to Dwivedi, is the lack of local infrastructure for crushing the seed and processing the oil into SAF. His current research focuses on modeling the economic and environmental feasibility of producing and consuming carinata-based SAF across Georgia, Alabama and Florida by taking a supply-chain perspective.

“Our results would be especially relevant to the state of Georgia, which is the sixth-largest consumer of conventional aviation fuel in the country, hosts the busiest airport in the world, and is home to Delta, a leading global airline company,” he added. “Carinata has the potential to be a win-win situation for our rural areas, the aviation industry, and most importantly, climate change.”